İngilizce Test (154 Soru)

**Başak** · 11.07.08, 12:08

A)The introduction of the decimal system into Europe greatly advanced the field of mathematics
B)Mathematics has become an essential tool in all sciences for the development of theory
C)Mathematics is the study of numbers and their logical relationships with each other
D)Though interesting in its own right, mathematics has few uses outside the realm of accounting
E)Arithmetic is the most ancient form of mathematics, and was known to the Egyptians

41-An overweight person beyond the age of forty, who has a family history of diabetes, fails in the high-risk category for contracting this disease. ………. . When both parents are diabetic, however, the risk is even higher, and some authorities believe all such children will be diabetic.

A)Diabetes may occur in a child under the age of ten, but most develop it at a later age
B)Diabetes occurs during the lifetime of 4 percent of women and 2 percent of men
C)Diabetes is diagnosed with a glucose-tolerance test
D)The correct diet is essential for all people with diabetes
E)A child born to one diabetic parent has a one-in-four chance of becoming diabetic

42-There is no trace of the violent event that happened on that cold winter's night over six months ago, as the meteorite came thundering down through the heavens. But then again, this place seems to be able to withstand a nuclear blast without any damage. …………, but we are determined to find it because we know it lies somewhere upon this great glacier of central Greenland.

A)The large, dense objects that survive the fall to the Earth are called meteorites
B)Greenland is subject to intense cold and terrible blizzards
C)A meteorite fr6m Mars that fell to the Earth 13,000 years ago was found in Antarctica
D)Glaciers flow from Greenland's icy mountains and discharge a billion tons of ice into the sea every year
E)The remnants of the meteorite could be hiding anywhere in this endless sea of ice and snow

43-…………… . The letters have no meaning, but in Morse code the combination has a pronounced rhythm which attracts immediate attention. All ships observe two silence periods every hour, listening on certain frequencies to ensure that any distress signal, however weak, will be picked up.
A)Letters were sent between various naval bodies on the subject of safety
B) S.O.S. is the international distress call for use in wireless telegraphy
C)The word 'Mayday,' is derived from the French and means 'Help me'
D)Distress signals are sent on 500-metre or 2000-metre wavelength
E)Sailors of all nationalities agree they will help anyone in trouble at sea

44-It is ironic that the great nuclear powers of the world, the United States and Russia, have made themselves crusaders against the further expansion of nuclear weaponry. They've already got the power, so naturally they have no interest in sharing their nuclear technology with other nations. ………. . Therefore, though their efforts are self-serving and thus do not deserve praise, in practice they must be supported.
A)However, the great powers themselves have taken significant steps towards reducing the nuclear threat
B)The real nuclear threat comes not from poor nations, but from the Russian and American stockpiles of nuclear missiles
C)Thus, the great powers should abandon their hypocrisy and stop interfering in the affairs of other nations
D)It is thus no ordinary person's best interest that the world see any decrease in the nuclear threat
E)Besides, nuclear bombs are good for no one. and they should all be dismantled straight-away

45-……………. . Cave paintings dating back 20,000 years depict forms of ritual dance. Every community has developed a style of tribal or folk dancing, closely related to music, usually of a magical or religious nature. The hypnotic power of certain types of dancing has been demonstrated, among others, by the Dervishes.
A)Cave paintings are one of our best sources of historical knowledge
B)Every religion expresses itself in a variety of different art forms
C)There is no doubt that dance involves a type of therapeutic power
D)Dancing is probably the oldest of all forms of human expressions
E)All cultures have managed to develop their own musical instruments

46-The Sues Canal represents the culmination of centuries of effort to enhance trade and expand the empires of Egypt by connecting the Red and Mediterranean Seas. …………, but its significance came from the fact that it was the only one to bypass the Nile as a means of connecting the two seas and to excavate across the Isthmus of Suez to provide a major shipping route between Europe and Asia.
A)At one stage, following by an outbreak of cholera, all the workers ran away
B)The Israelis entrenched themselves along the eastern bank of the canal
C)By this time the canal was ¤¤¤¤ of sunken ships and sea traffic was paralysed
D)Two small fleets, one originating in Port Said and the other in Suez, met in Ismailia
E)The modem canal was by no means the first project of its kind

47-Orantgutans are like babies: playful, wide-eyed, and trusting. Genetically, the "men of the forest" as their name means in Malay, resemble humans more than any other animal on the Earth. ………. . Yet a combination of natural disasters and merciless hunting by humans now threatens this inoffensive near relative of ours.
A)Even today. not everyone has accepted Darwin's theories on evolution
B)Most people have only seen them in zoos
C)Some people would say that the, chimpanzee is actually closer to human beings
D)They stand next to us on the tree of life
E)A gorilla named Koko is famous for having learnt to communicate with humans using sign-language

48-The enduring Roman influence is reflected in contemporary language, literature, legal codes, government, architecture, medicine, sports. etc. ………… . Consider language for example. Fewer and fewer people today claim to know much Latin. And yet, go back to the first sentence of this paragraph. If we removed all the words drawn directly from Latin, that sentence would read: “The".
A)Ancient Greeks also had an enduring influence on Western civilisation
B)The great civilisations of India and China are older, but the West came into contact with them later
C)In the 3rd century AD, the capital of the Roman Empire moved from Rome to Constantinople
D)'The” is the most commonly used word in the English language
E)Much of it is so deeply embedded that we scarcely notice our debt to ancient Rome

49-John Lennon was murdered just before 11p.m. on the 8th December, 1980; outside the apartment building where he lived in New York City. He had just got out of a car and was walking toward the entrance when a voice called to him. When he turned around, he was shot five times, The killer, was 2-year~d Mark Chapman from Hawaii. ……… . It is said that he even believed that he was John Lennon.
A)He was a fan of Lennon, and had tried to imitate him in many ways
B)Lennon's music, though less consistent than when he was with the Beatles, continued to be popular
C)New York is one of the most dangerous cities in the world
D)It is remarkable how many famous people have been murdered in the United States
E)The Beatles had split up more than ten years before

50-…………. . Within a year, 100,000 people, only 8,000 of whom were women, had reached California. Homes, ~a and stores throughout the United States were abandoned as everyone rushed to California. By 1850, more than 50
ships were anchored in San Froncisco Bay, but many had been deserted by gold-hungry sailors. A few people became fabulously rich, but most left as poor as they came.
A)Gold is the most precious of metals, and throughout history people have longed for it
B)In 1848, gold was discovered in Sutter's Mill, near San Francisco, and the first great gold rush began
C)At the time of the California Gold Rush, the easiest way to reach San Francisco from the East Coast was by ship
D)San Francisco's football team is named after the people who came in 1849 hoping to find gold and strike it rich: 'The 49ers"
E)Every year thousands of Mexicans illegally cross the border from Mexico into southern California looking for work.

51-……………… . In addition to teaching the correct techniques, a qualified instructor will indoctrinate the beginner in the importance of skiing safely. If the skier is taught how to ski under control at all times and to follow the generally accepted rules of safety, the risk of causing injury to himself or to other skiers is greatly reduced.
A)Because short skis are easier to handle, they are often used, by beginners, while experienced skiers prefer longer ones
B)Chair lifts and other devices that transport skiers uphill have removed the need for tiring, time-consuming climbing
C)Each year thousands of beginners rush to hundreds of organised ski areas
D)In its simplest form, skiing is sliding down a snow-covered slope on a pair of long, slim runners called skis
E)The best way for a beginner to learn how to ski is to take lessons from a certified ski instructor

52-In strict terms, performing arts are those art forms, primarily theatre, dance and music, that result in a performance. ………, from classical opera and serious theatre to live variety entertainment, popular improvised theatre in the streets, and even rock concerts and professional wrestling.
A)Decorative arts, on the other hard, are art forms that have a primarily decorative rather than expressive or emotional purpose
B)The individual performing artist has always struggled to survive
C)Under their heading, however, can be placed an enormous number of forms and variations
D)Several playwrights of the late 19th and early 20th centuries prepared the way for modern realistic drama
E)Cabarets are small performance spaces in clubs and restaurants where solo artists perform

53-The olive is a small tree with narrow greyish –green leaves, cultivated from early times in the Mediterranean region. ………. , which is highly valued by many nutritionists today because of its benefits for health However, olives are also pickled for eating. Black olives are ripe, but green ones are pickled unripe, and treated in order to destroy their bitterness.
A)Olives do not taste at all nice when eaten fresh from the tree
B)These trees have been grown for their shade in many regions
C)The fruit of the olive tree is edible, once it has been pickled
D)These trees were cultivated originally for their lush crops
E)The most important product extracted from its fruit is the oil

54-……….. . The reason for this may be found in the large herds of reindeer that they breed, as the subsequent need for pasture In the Arctic area has necessitated constant movement. Even today, settlements are rarely permanent, although they are being increasingly affected by the Swedes and Finns among whom they live.

A)One may be surprised to learn that there are many Arctic animals
B)Life in the Arctic region does not offer much variety to the locals
C)Research shows that people living in the Arctic area are very fit
D)The inhabitants of Lapland are traditionally a nomadic people
E)Alcoholism is becoming an increasing problem in the Arctic area

55-In most modern industrial countries, including Japan, women are much less than half as likely to commit suicide. ………? Not at all. Psychiatric professionals are agreed that women are actually more likely to experience depression than men. In fact, statistics show that more women than men are treated for depression each year in hospitals.

A)Do the people involved in the field of mental health know the reason for this
B)Does this mean that women are happier and less prone to depression than men
C)Is this because men are less likely to express their feelings than women
D)What is it that causes this difference between men and women in mental health
E)Is the situation the same among the women of less industrialised countries

56-The average child will crawl at eight to ten months, walk alone at twelve to sixteen months and say a few words by the fifteenth month. ……… . Many children walk before they are a year old, and say words before they are fifteen months, and there are examples that first children speak earlier than subsequent children, and girls may speak sooner than boys.

A)However, individuals vary considerably
B)Children usually start school at age six
C)Size is determined by a variety of factors, though
D)The wisdom teeth appear in the late teens
E)And, surprisingly, the same development applies to children of all races

57-The speed of sound is generally placed at 1088 fret per second at sea level at 32F. However, it varies at other temperatures and in different media. …………. . Thus, if in air it travels a mile in 5 seconds, it does a mile under water in 1 second, and through iron in half a second.
A)When a plane breaks the sound barrier, it means it's flying faster than sound
B)The speed of sound can be measured using modern equipment
C)Sound travels faster in water than in air, and even faster in iron
D)We use the prefix Mach in order to describe supersonic speed
E)Any sound which is over 120 decibels is painful to the ear

58-…….. . The audience stood or sat in galleries on three sides of the stage, which was left open to the sky for the sake of light, as performances generally began at 2 p.m. At the back of the stage were the dressing rooms, and a small gallery. These theatres were generally owned by businessmen, or by companies of actors like that of Shakespeare.
A)Many modern theatres are breaking away from traditional theatre styles
B)One of the finest examples of a Renaissance theatre is the Teatro Olimpico
C)Elizabethan times brought the first permanent public theatres to England
D)Al present, there are approximately forty-eight major theatres in operation in London
E)The Globe, where Shakepeare's plays were first performed has been restored

59-There is a new5km bridge in Bangladesh, where everyone who crosses in a vehicle must pay a toll. In order to avoid paying, most bus passengers simply get off their buses and walk across. The man who has come up with the most novel solution to the toll problem is an enterprising cycle rickshaw driver. He paid his toll once, then stayed on the bridge, taking people across the river without ever paying the toll again. ………. . Once a group of politicians were so angry on being asked to pay the toll that they simply smashed the electronic equipment.
A)The bridge is so important because it connects the best agricultural land in the country with the capital, Dhaka
B)Cycle rickshaws are one of the most common forms, of public transport in Bangladesh
C)The advanced electronic technology used on the bridge may seem out of place in the rural nature of the surrounding countryside
D)The bridge has become an important political issue in Bangladesh
E)But it is not only the poor who object to paying the toll

60-The first known people of the many to settle the island of Malta were the Phoenicians, who reached it in about the 9th century B.C. …………….. . In succession, the island was then occupied by the Arabs, the Knights Hospitaler, the French, and most recently, the British. All of them have left their mark on the island, reflected in its culture, language and architecture.
A)Malta occupies a strategic location between Italy and North Africa
B)They were followed by the Romans
C)Its capital, Valetta, was important in Thomas Pynchon's cult novel 'V'
D)The Phoenicians, of course, came from the area called Lebanon today
E)Though Malta is a small island, it is far more important than its sire would lead us to believe

61-Spice, the most desired commodity of the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries, was the driving force of merchant seafaring. Portugal started trading with China in 1557, and spread its trade across Southeast Asia and India, where the greatest variety of spices were to be found. ………….. . The ships of these companies were called "East Indiamen" and were the biggest and best merchant ships for over two centuries.
A)Today, with modern transport, spices are easily obtainable and inexpensive
B)The British Navy became the strongest in the world from the time of the Napoleonic Wars
C)A series of naval wars were fought between Britain and Holland in the 17th century
D)The British East India Company was founded in 1600, and the Dutch East India Company in 1602
E)The development of the steam engine in 'the 19th century meant that tea could be shipped to Europe while it was still flesh

62-Most societies think that men are naturally suited to perform the most strenuous labour. ………… . For example, there was a kingdom in West Africa called Dahome, which used women as bodyguards and soldiers because they were believed to be especially fierce fighters. The Tasmanians, similarly, felt that women were as suited as men to the most dangerous of hunting tasks.
A)This belief has persisted, almost unchanged, to the present day
B)"Strenuous" labour usually meant farming or hunting
C)This has not always been a universally held belief, however
D)This, is probably why, throughout history, male prisoners have been killed, while women and children were sold as slaves
E)In some societies, inheritance is through the male line, while in others it is through the female line

63-Of all possible eating patterns, skipping breakfast and eating a big lunch is the worst. ………. . Your blood sugar and stored carbohydrates are low. The morning meal replaces the calories and nutrients you need to get you through the day. Calories are burnt up more quickly in the morning than at any other time of the day. Studies of school children have found that those who eat breakfast do better in school.
A)It's said by some that the best meal in England is breakfast and that it should be served three times a day
B)Breakfast is important because when you wake up in the morning, you have not eaten for eight to ten hours
C)A big lunch usually makes you sleepy, and thus affects your performance' negatively
D)Dinner is usually the main meal because the whole fancy, can relax together and talk about their day
E)On the other hand, many people complain that they don't have time for breakfast
64-………….. . Of course, it is only to be expected that they might over-react to their new freedoom, and it is probably better that their parents are not around to observe their behaviour. Normally, however, by their final year they'll have got over the fascination of living without parental control and learnt to conduct themselves in a mature and responsible manner. It is therefore arguable that the experience of university life is as important as the actual studies.
A)When young people go to university, it is often the first time they have lived away from home
B)Young people are inherently irresponsible and need to be supervised until they are ready to be parents themselves
C)Students often feel that, as educated people, they have a more valid point of view on society and its problems than do their elders
D)Many university students have part-time jobs, and this gives them a certain financial independence
E)One objection to the grant system in Britain is that it gives privileged young people what amounts to a three-year holiday

65-Charlotte, Emily and Anne Bronte were the novelist daughters of a country parson. Charlotte wrote Jane Eyre. Emily's most famous novel was Wuthering Heights, which she first published under the name Ellis Bell. ………., athough she was a talented writer too.
A)We don't know where they got their talent from
B)Anne did not achieve the fame of her two sisters
C)It is true that she never had any novels published
D)Charlotte was the oldest of the three sisters
E)Anne wrote several novels under her own name

66-For a number of years, radio telescopes have been trying to pick up signals from outer space, so far without success. There are, however, millions of possible radio frequencies, and there is no reason why a completely alien civilisation should not use a different type of communication, such as X-rays, or even a type of wave we have not yet discovered. ………… . For example, if we made contact with beings 300-light years away - relatively close as space distances go - by the time we had sent an answer and received their response, the earth would be 600 years older.
A)The most famous radio telescope of all is at Jodrel Bank in England
B)We may have discovered only a few of countless types of waves that could be used in this way
C)And then there is the problem of how to carry out contact over such vast distances
D)According to Einstein’s Theory of Relativity, it is impossible to travel faster than the speed of light
E)Science fiction writers have been speculating over the nature of alien beings for decades

11.07.08, 12:08	#2 (permalink)
Kullanıcı Profili Başak Moderator Kullanıcı Bilgileri Üyelik tarihi: Jan 2008 Mesajlar: 7.449 Konular: 6324 Puan Grafiği Rep Puanı:14360 Rep Gücü:167 RD: Teşekkür Ettiği Teşekkür: 53 719 Mesajına 1.316 Kere Teşekkür Edlidi :	İngilizce Test (154 Soru) A)The introduction of the decimal system into Europe greatly advanced the field of mathematics B)Mathematics has become an essential tool in all sciences for the development of theory C)Mathematics is the study of numbers and their logical relationships with each other D)Though interesting in its own right, mathematics has few uses outside the realm of accounting E)Arithmetic is the most ancient form of mathematics, and was known to the Egyptians 41-An overweight person beyond the age of forty, who has a family history of diabetes, fails in the high-risk category for contracting this disease. ………. . When both parents are diabetic, however, the risk is even higher, and some authorities believe all such children will be diabetic. A)Diabetes may occur in a child under the age of ten, but most develop it at a later age B)Diabetes occurs during the lifetime of 4 percent of women and 2 percent of men C)Diabetes is diagnosed with a glucose-tolerance test D)The correct diet is essential for all people with diabetes E)A child born to one diabetic parent has a one-in-four chance of becoming diabetic 42-There is no trace of the violent event that happened on that cold winter's night over six months ago, as the meteorite came thundering down through the heavens. But then again, this place seems to be able to withstand a nuclear blast without any damage. …………, but we are determined to find it because we know it lies somewhere upon this great glacier of central Greenland. A)The large, dense objects that survive the fall to the Earth are called meteorites B)Greenland is subject to intense cold and terrible blizzards C)A meteorite fr6m Mars that fell to the Earth 13,000 years ago was found in Antarctica D)Glaciers flow from Greenland's icy mountains and discharge a billion tons of ice into the sea every year E)The remnants of the meteorite could be hiding anywhere in this endless sea of ice and snow 43-…………… . The letters have no meaning, but in Morse code the combination has a pronounced rhythm which attracts immediate attention. All ships observe two silence periods every hour, listening on certain frequencies to ensure that any distress signal, however weak, will be picked up. A)Letters were sent between various naval bodies on the subject of safety B) S.O.S. is the international distress call for use in wireless telegraphy C)The word 'Mayday,' is derived from the French and means 'Help me' D)Distress signals are sent on 500-metre or 2000-metre wavelength E)Sailors of all nationalities agree they will help anyone in trouble at sea 44-It is ironic that the great nuclear powers of the world, the United States and Russia, have made themselves crusaders against the further expansion of nuclear weaponry. They've already got the power, so naturally they have no interest in sharing their nuclear technology with other nations. ………. . Therefore, though their efforts are self-serving and thus do not deserve praise, in practice they must be supported. A)However, the great powers themselves have taken significant steps towards reducing the nuclear threat B)The real nuclear threat comes not from poor nations, but from the Russian and American stockpiles of nuclear missiles C)Thus, the great powers should abandon their hypocrisy and stop interfering in the affairs of other nations D)It is thus no ordinary person's best interest that the world see any decrease in the nuclear threat E)Besides, nuclear bombs are good for no one. and they should all be dismantled straight-away 45-……………. . Cave paintings dating back 20,000 years depict forms of ritual dance. Every community has developed a style of tribal or folk dancing, closely related to music, usually of a magical or religious nature. The hypnotic power of certain types of dancing has been demonstrated, among others, by the Dervishes. A)Cave paintings are one of our best sources of historical knowledge B)Every religion expresses itself in a variety of different art forms C)There is no doubt that dance involves a type of therapeutic power D)Dancing is probably the oldest of all forms of human expressions E)All cultures have managed to develop their own musical instruments 46-The Sues Canal represents the culmination of centuries of effort to enhance trade and expand the empires of Egypt by connecting the Red and Mediterranean Seas. …………, but its significance came from the fact that it was the only one to bypass the Nile as a means of connecting the two seas and to excavate across the Isthmus of Suez to provide a major shipping route between Europe and Asia. A)At one stage, following by an outbreak of cholera, all the workers ran away B)The Israelis entrenched themselves along the eastern bank of the canal C)By this time the canal was ¤¤¤¤ of sunken ships and sea traffic was paralysed D)Two small fleets, one originating in Port Said and the other in Suez, met in Ismailia E)The modem canal was by no means the first project of its kind 47-Orantgutans are like babies: playful, wide-eyed, and trusting. Genetically, the "men of the forest" as their name means in Malay, resemble humans more than any other animal on the Earth. ………. . Yet a combination of natural disasters and merciless hunting by humans now threatens this inoffensive near relative of ours. A)Even today. not everyone has accepted Darwin's theories on evolution B)Most people have only seen them in zoos C)Some people would say that the, chimpanzee is actually closer to human beings D)They stand next to us on the tree of life E)A gorilla named Koko is famous for having learnt to communicate with humans using sign-language 48-The enduring Roman influence is reflected in contemporary language, literature, legal codes, government, architecture, medicine, sports. etc. ………… . Consider language for example. Fewer and fewer people today claim to know much Latin. And yet, go back to the first sentence of this paragraph. If we removed all the words drawn directly from Latin, that sentence would read: “The". A)Ancient Greeks also had an enduring influence on Western civilisation B)The great civilisations of India and China are older, but the West came into contact with them later C)In the 3rd century AD, the capital of the Roman Empire moved from Rome to Constantinople D)'The” is the most commonly used word in the English language E)Much of it is so deeply embedded that we scarcely notice our debt to ancient Rome 49-John Lennon was murdered just before 11p.m. on the 8th December, 1980; outside the apartment building where he lived in New York City. He had just got out of a car and was walking toward the entrance when a voice called to him. When he turned around, he was shot five times, The killer, was 2-year~d Mark Chapman from Hawaii. ……… . It is said that he even believed that he was John Lennon. A)He was a fan of Lennon, and had tried to imitate him in many ways B)Lennon's music, though less consistent than when he was with the Beatles, continued to be popular C)New York is one of the most dangerous cities in the world D)It is remarkable how many famous people have been murdered in the United States E)The Beatles had split up more than ten years before 50-…………. . Within a year, 100,000 people, only 8,000 of whom were women, had reached California. Homes, ~a and stores throughout the United States were abandoned as everyone rushed to California. By 1850, more than 50 ships were anchored in San Froncisco Bay, but many had been deserted by gold-hungry sailors. A few people became fabulously rich, but most left as poor as they came. A)Gold is the most precious of metals, and throughout history people have longed for it B)In 1848, gold was discovered in Sutter's Mill, near San Francisco, and the first great gold rush began C)At the time of the California Gold Rush, the easiest way to reach San Francisco from the East Coast was by ship D)San Francisco's football team is named after the people who came in 1849 hoping to find gold and strike it rich: 'The 49ers" E)Every year thousands of Mexicans illegally cross the border from Mexico into southern California looking for work. 51-……………… . In addition to teaching the correct techniques, a qualified instructor will indoctrinate the beginner in the importance of skiing safely. If the skier is taught how to ski under control at all times and to follow the generally accepted rules of safety, the risk of causing injury to himself or to other skiers is greatly reduced. A)Because short skis are easier to handle, they are often used, by beginners, while experienced skiers prefer longer ones B)Chair lifts and other devices that transport skiers uphill have removed the need for tiring, time-consuming climbing C)Each year thousands of beginners rush to hundreds of organised ski areas D)In its simplest form, skiing is sliding down a snow-covered slope on a pair of long, slim runners called skis E)The best way for a beginner to learn how to ski is to take lessons from a certified ski instructor 52-In strict terms, performing arts are those art forms, primarily theatre, dance and music, that result in a performance. ………, from classical opera and serious theatre to live variety entertainment, popular improvised theatre in the streets, and even rock concerts and professional wrestling. A)Decorative arts, on the other hard, are art forms that have a primarily decorative rather than expressive or emotional purpose B)The individual performing artist has always struggled to survive C)Under their heading, however, can be placed an enormous number of forms and variations D)Several playwrights of the late 19th and early 20th centuries prepared the way for modern realistic drama E)Cabarets are small performance spaces in clubs and restaurants where solo artists perform 53-The olive is a small tree with narrow greyish –green leaves, cultivated from early times in the Mediterranean region. ………. , which is highly valued by many nutritionists today because of its benefits for health However, olives are also pickled for eating. Black olives are ripe, but green ones are pickled unripe, and treated in order to destroy their bitterness. A)Olives do not taste at all nice when eaten fresh from the tree B)These trees have been grown for their shade in many regions C)The fruit of the olive tree is edible, once it has been pickled D)These trees were cultivated originally for their lush crops E)The most important product extracted from its fruit is the oil 54-……….. . The reason for this may be found in the large herds of reindeer that they breed, as the subsequent need for pasture In the Arctic area has necessitated constant movement. Even today, settlements are rarely permanent, although they are being increasingly affected by the Swedes and Finns among whom they live. A)One may be surprised to learn that there are many Arctic animals B)Life in the Arctic region does not offer much variety to the locals C)Research shows that people living in the Arctic area are very fit D)The inhabitants of Lapland are traditionally a nomadic people E)Alcoholism is becoming an increasing problem in the Arctic area 55-In most modern industrial countries, including Japan, women are much less than half as likely to commit suicide. ………? Not at all. Psychiatric professionals are agreed that women are actually more likely to experience depression than men. In fact, statistics show that more women than men are treated for depression each year in hospitals. A)Do the people involved in the field of mental health know the reason for this B)Does this mean that women are happier and less prone to depression than men C)Is this because men are less likely to express their feelings than women D)What is it that causes this difference between men and women in mental health E)Is the situation the same among the women of less industrialised countries 56-The average child will crawl at eight to ten months, walk alone at twelve to sixteen months and say a few words by the fifteenth month. ……… . Many children walk before they are a year old, and say words before they are fifteen months, and there are examples that first children speak earlier than subsequent children, and girls may speak sooner than boys. A)However, individuals vary considerably B)Children usually start school at age six C)Size is determined by a variety of factors, though D)The wisdom teeth appear in the late teens E)And, surprisingly, the same development applies to children of all races 57-The speed of sound is generally placed at 1088 fret per second at sea level at 32F. However, it varies at other temperatures and in different media. …………. . Thus, if in air it travels a mile in 5 seconds, it does a mile under water in 1 second, and through iron in half a second. A)When a plane breaks the sound barrier, it means it's flying faster than sound B)The speed of sound can be measured using modern equipment C)Sound travels faster in water than in air, and even faster in iron D)We use the prefix Mach in order to describe supersonic speed E)Any sound which is over 120 decibels is painful to the ear 58-…….. . The audience stood or sat in galleries on three sides of the stage, which was left open to the sky for the sake of light, as performances generally began at 2 p.m. At the back of the stage were the dressing rooms, and a small gallery. These theatres were generally owned by businessmen, or by companies of actors like that of Shakespeare. A)Many modern theatres are breaking away from traditional theatre styles B)One of the finest examples of a Renaissance theatre is the Teatro Olimpico C)Elizabethan times brought the first permanent public theatres to England D)Al present, there are approximately forty-eight major theatres in operation in London E)The Globe, where Shakepeare's plays were first performed has been restored 59-There is a new5km bridge in Bangladesh, where everyone who crosses in a vehicle must pay a toll. In order to avoid paying, most bus passengers simply get off their buses and walk across. The man who has come up with the most novel solution to the toll problem is an enterprising cycle rickshaw driver. He paid his toll once, then stayed on the bridge, taking people across the river without ever paying the toll again. ………. . Once a group of politicians were so angry on being asked to pay the toll that they simply smashed the electronic equipment. A)The bridge is so important because it connects the best agricultural land in the country with the capital, Dhaka B)Cycle rickshaws are one of the most common forms, of public transport in Bangladesh C)The advanced electronic technology used on the bridge may seem out of place in the rural nature of the surrounding countryside D)The bridge has become an important political issue in Bangladesh E)But it is not only the poor who object to paying the toll 60-The first known people of the many to settle the island of Malta were the Phoenicians, who reached it in about the 9th century B.C. …………….. . In succession, the island was then occupied by the Arabs, the Knights Hospitaler, the French, and most recently, the British. All of them have left their mark on the island, reflected in its culture, language and architecture. A)Malta occupies a strategic location between Italy and North Africa B)They were followed by the Romans C)Its capital, Valetta, was important in Thomas Pynchon's cult novel 'V' D)The Phoenicians, of course, came from the area called Lebanon today E)Though Malta is a small island, it is far more important than its sire would lead us to believe 61-Spice, the most desired commodity of the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries, was the driving force of merchant seafaring. Portugal started trading with China in 1557, and spread its trade across Southeast Asia and India, where the greatest variety of spices were to be found. ………….. . The ships of these companies were called "East Indiamen" and were the biggest and best merchant ships for over two centuries. A)Today, with modern transport, spices are easily obtainable and inexpensive B)The British Navy became the strongest in the world from the time of the Napoleonic Wars C)A series of naval wars were fought between Britain and Holland in the 17th century D)The British East India Company was founded in 1600, and the Dutch East India Company in 1602 E)The development of the steam engine in 'the 19th century meant that tea could be shipped to Europe while it was still flesh 62-Most societies think that men are naturally suited to perform the most strenuous labour. ………… . For example, there was a kingdom in West Africa called Dahome, which used women as bodyguards and soldiers because they were believed to be especially fierce fighters. The Tasmanians, similarly, felt that women were as suited as men to the most dangerous of hunting tasks. A)This belief has persisted, almost unchanged, to the present day B)"Strenuous" labour usually meant farming or hunting C)This has not always been a universally held belief, however D)This, is probably why, throughout history, male prisoners have been killed, while women and children were sold as slaves E)In some societies, inheritance is through the male line, while in others it is through the female line 63-Of all possible eating patterns, skipping breakfast and eating a big lunch is the worst. ………. . Your blood sugar and stored carbohydrates are low. The morning meal replaces the calories and nutrients you need to get you through the day. Calories are burnt up more quickly in the morning than at any other time of the day. Studies of school children have found that those who eat breakfast do better in school. A)It's said by some that the best meal in England is breakfast and that it should be served three times a day B)Breakfast is important because when you wake up in the morning, you have not eaten for eight to ten hours C)A big lunch usually makes you sleepy, and thus affects your performance' negatively D)Dinner is usually the main meal because the whole fancy, can relax together and talk about their day E)On the other hand, many people complain that they don't have time for breakfast 64-………….. . Of course, it is only to be expected that they might over-react to their new freedoom, and it is probably better that their parents are not around to observe their behaviour. Normally, however, by their final year they'll have got over the fascination of living without parental control and learnt to conduct themselves in a mature and responsible manner. It is therefore arguable that the experience of university life is as important as the actual studies. A)When young people go to university, it is often the first time they have lived away from home B)Young people are inherently irresponsible and need to be supervised until they are ready to be parents themselves C)Students often feel that, as educated people, they have a more valid point of view on society and its problems than do their elders D)Many university students have part-time jobs, and this gives them a certain financial independence E)One objection to the grant system in Britain is that it gives privileged young people what amounts to a three-year holiday 65-Charlotte, Emily and Anne Bronte were the novelist daughters of a country parson. Charlotte wrote Jane Eyre. Emily's most famous novel was Wuthering Heights, which she first published under the name Ellis Bell. ………., athough she was a talented writer too. A)We don't know where they got their talent from B)Anne did not achieve the fame of her two sisters C)It is true that she never had any novels published D)Charlotte was the oldest of the three sisters E)Anne wrote several novels under her own name 66-For a number of years, radio telescopes have been trying to pick up signals from outer space, so far without success. There are, however, millions of possible radio frequencies, and there is no reason why a completely alien civilisation should not use a different type of communication, such as X-rays, or even a type of wave we have not yet discovered. ………… . For example, if we made contact with beings 300-light years away - relatively close as space distances go - by the time we had sent an answer and received their response, the earth would be 600 years older. A)The most famous radio telescope of all is at Jodrel Bank in England B)We may have discovered only a few of countless types of waves that could be used in this way C)And then there is the problem of how to carry out contact over such vast distances D)According to Einstein’s Theory of Relativity, it is impossible to travel faster than the speed of light E)Science fiction writers have been speculating over the nature of alien beings for decades