Participles

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The Demonstrative Pronouns

They are called Demonstrative because they demonstrate which item is being mentioned:

bu kedi - this cat
şu fincan - that cup
o adam - that man over there
The Demonstrative Pronouns and Adjectives - this, that, that yonder - use buffer letter -n- when adding further suffixes as the examples show below:.

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Demonstrative Pronouns and Adjectives

All about - this and that, these and those

These are called Demonstrative Pronouns and Demonstrative Adjectives because they demonstrate or describe which item is being talked about.

bu - this (here) OR this (which was just mentioned)
bunlar - these
şu - that (nearby) OR that (which follows on)
şunlar - those (nearby)
o - that (over there, yonder)
onlar - those (over there)
Note: Turkish has two words for - that. şu - signifies something near by OR something between the speakers.

It also means - that which follows- eg. şu tavsiye - the following recommendation.

O - signifies items far away or which does not lie between the speakers.
O - is often used for descriptions of happenings in foreign countries and cities.

Note: When adding any suffixes including the plural suffix -lar buffer letter -n- is always used with the Demonstratives - thus forming -nlar as the Plural Suffix.

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Lets get Nasty

Care must be taken using - şu - and its extensions as it is also used in a derogatory sense (according to context) - see below.

Şu adama bakın! - Look at that bloke!
Şunu istemedim - I didn't want that! - (damn thing)
Şu herif kim? - Who the hell is that fellow? - (herif - fellow, guy, bloke)

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Some Extended Forms
These extended suffixed forms show the use of the buffer -n- which is always used with the demonstrative.

Extended Forms of the Demonstrative Pronouns

Note that the suffix -ca - concerning .. - is used with the Demonstrative Pronoun to produce - bunca - all this, bunlarca - all these, onca - all that, onlarca - all those.

Note also that although - şunca - or - şunlarca - are not normally in use - however - it is sometimes used dispargingly. However, in Turkish it could be used to despise something in quantity or magnitude , or someone in muscular power.
For instance, if someone has a small wound due to some reason and complaining too much about it then you could say - şunca/şuncacik, yaradan ölmezsin - You won't die from such a small wound (surely not..!.)

Thanks to Onur Üstünel for the notes above. - Jan 2007
bunca and onca are plural and they take a singular object.
bunca kedi, onca kedi
Or we can use:
Bu kediler , o kediler.

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